Account structure is the architectural foundation of every successful Google Ads campaign. A well-organized account makes optimization easier, reporting clearer, and budget allocation more effective. A poorly structured account — where keywords with different intents compete for the same budget and share generic ads — wastes money and limits performance. This guide covers the structural principles that support long-term campaign growth and profitability.

Structural Principles

The Foundation: Intent Alignment

The single most important structural principle is intent alignment. Every level of the account hierarchy — campaigns, ad groups, keywords, ads, and landing pages — should share consistent intent. When a user searches "hire SEO agency," the keyword, ad, and landing page should all speak to hiring an SEO agency. Mixing intents at any level degrades Quality Score, wastes spend, and confuses optimization.

Campaign Organization

Organize campaigns by business objective, product/service line, or geographic market. Each campaign has its own budget, bidding strategy, and targeting settings — so campaign boundaries should align with how you want to control spend and measure results.

Effective campaign structures:

• By service line: SEO Campaign, Google Ads Campaign, Web Development Campaign
• By intent stage: Brand Campaign, Non-Brand Campaign, Remarketing Campaign
• By geography: Vancouver Campaign, Toronto Campaign, National Campaign
• By performance tier: High-Volume Campaign, Long-Tail Campaign, Experimental Campaign

Ad Group Architecture

Tightly Themed Ad Groups

Within each campaign, create tightly themed ad groups containing 5-20 closely related keywords. The keywords in a single ad group should be close enough in meaning that one set of ads and one landing page can serve all of them effectively. If you find yourself stretching to write an ad that covers all keywords in an ad group, the group is too broad — split it.

Single Keyword Ad Groups (SKAGs) vs. Theme Groups

The traditional SKAG approach — one keyword per ad group — provides maximum control but creates management overhead. Modern best practice favors themed ad groups with 5-15 keywords sharing clear intent, supported by responsive search ads that automatically match relevant headline combinations to different queries.

Keyword Match Type Strategy

Use match types strategically to balance reach and relevance:

• Exact match: Highest relevance, lowest reach — use for proven high-converting terms
• Phrase match: Good balance of relevance and discovery — use as the primary match type
• Broad match: Widest reach, lowest relevance — use only with Smart Bidding and sufficient conversion data

Start new campaigns with phrase and exact match to control spend during the learning phase. Add broad match only after accumulating 30-50 conversions that give automated bidding enough signal to optimize effectively. Always pair broad match with robust negative keyword lists to prevent irrelevant spend.

Landing Page Mapping

Every ad group should point to a dedicated landing page that matches the ad group's keyword theme and intent. Generic homepage links waste budget and destroy conversion rates. Build landing pages using our landing page checklist and ensure conversion tracking is configured before sending traffic.

Negative Keyword Architecture

Build negative keyword lists at both the campaign and account level. Account-level negatives block irrelevant terms everywhere (competitor names, job-related queries, "free" modifiers). Campaign-level negatives prevent cross-campaign keyword cannibalization and block terms irrelevant to specific service lines.

Review the search terms report weekly during active optimization and monthly during maintenance. Add new negatives consistently — this ongoing hygiene is one of the highest-ROI activities in Google Ads management. Include search terms analysis in your campaign launch workflow and monthly reporting cadence.